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First Council of Constantinople
The First Council of Constantinople ( ''Konstantinoúpolis'') was a council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople in AD 381 by the Roman Emperor Theodosius I.〔Socrates Scholasticus, ''Church History'', book 5, chapters 8 & 11, puts the council in the same year as the revolt of Magnus Maximus and death of Gratian.〕 This second ecumenical council, an effort to attain consensus in the church through an assembly representing all of Christendom,〔Richard Kieckhefer (1989). "Papacy". ''Dictionary of the Middle Ages''. ISBN 0-684-18275-0.〕 confirmed the Nicene Creed, expanding the doctrine thereof to produce the Niceno–Constantinopolitan Creed, and dealt with sundry other matters. It met from May to July 381 in the Church of Hagia Irene and was affirmed as ecumenical in 451 at the Council of Chalcedon.
==Background==
When Theodosius ascended to the imperial throne in 380, he began on a campaign to bring the Eastern Church back to Nicene Christianity. Theodosius wanted to further unify the entire empire behind the orthodox position and decided to convene a church council to resolve matters of faith and discipline. Gregory Nazianzus was of similar mind, wishing to unify Christianity. In the spring of 381 they convened the Second Ecumenical Council in Constantinople.
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